There is a 'formula', but it is probably not what you are expecting. Have a look at
this 2003 paper by Abel
et al, which is freely downloadable. Theorem 14 gives a way to make the 8 player schedule above (with p=2, n=2, m=1 & s=0), unfortuately Theorem 7 says that the 10 person schedule that you are looking for, specifically a (5,10) GWhD(10), does not exist, in other words no balanced solution is possible.
I am not sure what you mean by the 7 and 9 person triples, can you provide a link?